Plastic deformation through equal channel angular pressing iaeng. Process modelling of equal channel angular pressing for. How to convert pdf to word without software duration. Equalchannel angular pressing ecap is an effective tool for producing ultra fine grained materials. Equalchannel angular pressing ecap is a convenient processing tool for introducing very significant grain refinement, typically to the submicrometer level, in a wide range of metals. Equal channel angular pressing ecap is one of the most employed methods of severe plastic deformation spd. The process of equal channel angular pressing ecap, known also as equal channel angular extrusion ecae, was first introduced by segal and his coworkers in the 1970s and 1980s at an institute in minsk in the former soviet union.
Equal channel angular pressing of metallic powders for. This procedure may be used to introduce an ultrafine grain size into polycrystalline materials. Article equal channel angular pressing with rotating shear. For example, a square cross section bar of metal is forced through a channel with a 90 degree angle. Effect of equal channel angular pressing on the surface. Volinskyd a school of materials science and engineering, henan university of science and technology, luoyang 471003, pr china b henan key laboratory of advanced nonferrous metals, luoyang 471003, pr china. Process modelling of equal channel angular pressing for ultra. Modifying equal channel angular pressing ecap for cualni.
Ecae produces significant deformation strain without reducing the cross sectional area. This is a very attractive feature for industrial superplastic forming applications. Equal channel angular pressing ecap of almgsic composite materials. In the combined temperature ct route, the specimens are pressed at 723 k in the first pass and at 373 k in the second pass, but in the warm temperature wt. Pdf finite element simulation of cross equal channel. The equal channel angular pressing method is at present one of the most promising and commonly used of all severe plastic deformation processes. Equal channel angular pressing at temperatures of 77575 k of titanium grade 2. Equal channel angular pressing as a new processing to control the microstructure and texture of metallic sheets 603. As a technique, equal channel angular pressing ecap is simple and inexpensive. However, severe plastic deformation during ecap would cause considerable cracking when consolidation is carried out without a binder. Equal channel angular pressing at temperatures of 77575 k.
Principles of equalchannel angular pressing as a processing. Even with one ecap pass there was significant increase in both hardness and strength. The deformation was carried out at the room temperature. Deformation of high density polyethylene by dynamic equal. Microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of ti6al. Equal channel angular pressing an overview sciencedirect topics. Multipass ecap was applied to prepare ultrafinegrained ti6al4v alloy. These grains were reasonably stable up to annealing temperatures of. Equal channel angular extrusion an overview sciencedirect topics. The new process was developed to produce hybrid materials with helical architecture of their constituents, which holds promise to enable enhanced mechanical properties. Pdf microstructural evaluation and corrosion resistance of. Introduction it is well known that there is relationship between grain size and properties of the materials. Equal channel angular pressing ecap has been shown to be a promising method for producing biocomposites from wood particles.
In the ecap process of not only solid but also powder metals, knowledge of the density as well as internal stress, strain and strain rate distribution is important for understanding the process. Since highpressure torsion and equalchannel angular pressing were first used to produce ufg metals and alloys,9,10 processing regimes and routes have been. The second part of this work demonstrates that processing by ecap may be extended from conventional rod or bar samples to samples in the form of plates. The change in hardness of the alloy with ecap passes is almost consistent with the trend in strength, but the. It is demonstrated that this processing procedure is capable of introducing an ultrafine. Pdf equal channel angular pressing technique for the formation of. Equalchannel angular pressing of commercial aluminum. The force applied by the press on the specimen is evaluated as. The load increased with pressing, reached a maximum load, and then decreased with further sample deformation. Equal channel angular pressing, cualni shape memory alloys, fem analysis i. The particle sizes obtained from the quantitative analysis of composites are approximately 3 m, assuming the median of the distribution, or 4 m if mean value is.
Effect of equal channel angular pressing combined with heat. First, it can be applied to fairly large billets so that there is the potential for producing materials that may be used in a wide range of structural applications. Equal channel angular pressing ecap is an emerging metal forming technique and a potential. Processing of metals by equalchannel angular pressing. This experimental stud y involves subjecting the pure aluminium samples processed by powder metallurgy route to conventional hot extru sion at a temperature of 400c, followed by. Equal channel angular pressing of thinwalled copper tube. Equal channel angular extrusion ecae is one technique from the severe plastic deformation spd group, aimed at producing ultra fine grained ufg material. Equal channel angular pressing of a newly developed. Modeling of texture evolution in copper under equal channel. Equal channel angular pressing ecap is a convenient processing tool for introducing very significant grain refinement, typically to the submicrometer level, in a wide range of metals. Effect of equal channel angular pressing ecap on hardness.
Change in the maximum stress with the number of rotarydie equal channel angular pressing passes is shown in fig. Pdf on jan 1, 2017, s senthil murugan and others published equal channel angular pressing. Abstract texture evolution was analyzed with the fullconstraint taylor model for an idealized perfectly plastic facecentered cubic material as well as for real, strainhardening copper subjected to equal channel angular pressing ecap. Using equalchannel angular pressing for the production of. Material model plays very important role in modeling the process. This is accomplished by extruding the work piece around a corner. Design of hydraulic cylinder the shape of hydraulic cylinder is of tubeshaped in which piston slides due to the hydraulic fluid. Equal channel angular pressing ecap or equal channel angular extrusion ecae is one of the well approved technique that are used for the production of the polycrystalline materials with a grain diameter in the sub micrometre. It was found that the most favorable stressedandstrained state was formed in the instrument where the angle of channel joints was equal to 5 degrees.
Langdon c, a faculty of engineering, department of materials science and engineering, kyushu university, fukuoka 8128581, japan b department of technology, fukuoka university of education, munakata, fukuoka 811. Pdf circumferential twisting during route b equalchannel. Modeling of texture evolution in copper under equal. Microstructures by optical microscopy after final annealing showing partially and fully recrystallised states in a conventional and b ecap processes. In this study, the processing conditions were investigated for ecap of hardwood particles into bulk biocomposites without any additives. Microstructure evolution of aa7050 al alloy during equal. Equal channel angular pressing ecap is an effective process to produce materials with increased mechanical properties and no change of billet size. Finite element method is one of the important approaches to understand the deformation occurring in the ecap process. Oct 23, 2019 two different processing routes are used to investigate the microstructure and strength of commercial purity cp titanium of grade 4 processed by equal. Effect of equal channel angular pressing combined with. Effect of equal channel angular pressing ecap on microstructure and properties of alfealcr intermetallic phase composites sizes between the as extruded and ecap conditions.
Keywords aluminum alloys, equal channel angular pressing. Abstractthe effect of aging treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of equal channel angular pressed al7075 alloy was examined. Equal channel angular pressing ecap is a metal forming technique used to produce ultrafine grain microstructure through severe plastic deformation. Equal channel angular pressing of a newly developed 425. It was observed that the hardness of pure aluminum have improved as a result of severe plastic deformation by ecap. Process modelling of equal channel angular pressing for ultrafine. Equal channel angular pressing equal channel angular pressing is the most popular spd technique. Typically, the process produces grains between 600 and 300 nm.
Equal channel angular pressing ecap is a processing method in which a metal is subjected to an intense plastic straining through simple shear without any corresponding change in the crosssectional dimensions of the sample. Of these various procedures, equalchannel angular pressing is an especially attractive processing technique for several reasons. The device with the 90, 120 and 5 degree angled joint channels was used for the study. Finite element simulation of equal channel angular. Deformation of high density polyethylene by dynamic equal channel angular pressing xiangji wu,a lin pu,b yunfei xu,a jinchun shi,a xiaoyi liu, a zhengye zhongb and shengnian luo ab the e. Langdon c, a faculty of engineering, department of materials science and engineering, kyushu university, fukuoka 8128581, japan. The simulation process was done for al 5083 alloy using deform 3d software at two different channel angles 90 0 and 120 0 and with two distinct routes a and c. Equal channel angular pressing ecap technique being the most prominent of spd techniques has been widely used for producing ultrafinegrained ufg metals and alloys. Equalchannel angular pressing ecap is a processing method in which a metal is subjected to intense plastic straining through simple shear without any corresponding change in the crosssectional dimensions of the sample 12. Dyadichev abstract the structure, physical and mechanical properties of samples produced from pure and titanium alloyed copper powder using equal channel angular pressing with complex deformation route have been investigated. Pdf equal channel angular pressing technique for the. Pdf equalchannel angular pressing of thinwalled copper. Senthil murugan assistant professor department of mechanical engineering mepco schlenk engineering college, india abstract. The deformation is mainly carried out by simple shear while the crosssection is maintained.
Equalchannel angular pressing ecap is a processing method in which a metal is subjected to an intense plastic straining through simple shear without any corresponding change in the crosssectional dimensions of the sample. Equal channel angular pressing of a newly developed precipitation hardenable scandium containing aluminum alloy jahanzaib malik, wahaz nasim, bilal mansoor, ibrahim karaman, dinc erdeniz, david c. Severe plastic deformation by equal channel angular pressing. Keywords aluminum alloys, equalchannel angular pressing. Equalchannel angular pressing as a new processing to. Microstructure evolution of aa7050 al alloy during equalchannel angular pressing the other hand, ecap at elevated temperature promotes the precipitation, changes the precipitation kinetics and changes the morphology of precipitates11,15,21. Hosford3 1air force research laboratorymunitions directorate, 101 w. Ecap equal channel angular pressing, one of the most promising method in spd, was used for the powder consolidation. Dec 28, 2015 equal channel angular pressing ecap 1. Equal channel angular pressing an overview sciencedirect. Introduction recently, the importance of severe plastic deformation and equal channel angular pressing ecap has been increasingly recognized due to the unique physical and mechanical properties inherent in various ultrafine grained materials 14. Mechanical properties of bulk nanocrystalline austenitic.
Pdf equal channel angular pressing of tubular samples. A number of designs templates to implement equal channel angular pressing are developed. The present work compares two deformation techniques, rolling and equal channel angular pressing ecap, and the response offered by. The model employed to simulate the pressing for two consecutive passes. Mechanical properties of copper processed by equal channel. The fundamentals of this procedure, the details of the process and conditions of material flow during pressing can be found in many specialized papers, e. The thesis consist of a general introduction to equal channel angular pressing ecap, aluminium alloys and deformation mechanisms, followed by a detailed strain analysis of ecaped materials, mechanical properties and finally a study of the microstructural and textural development resulting from equal channel angular pressing. Grains and sub grains can be clearly seen oriented and elongated along the shear plane.
The microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of ti6al4v alloy during ecap process were discussed in this study. Severe plastic deformation by equal channel angular pressing and. Equal channel angular pressing ecap is an effective tool to impose large plastic strains. It was found that the better grain size and orientation was obtained with the channel angle close to 90 degre yamashita et al 5 e. Presleme islemi tobb etude bulunan makine muhendisligi malzeme laboatuvar. Equal channel angular pressing ecap is a processing method in which a metal is subjected to intense plastic straining through simple shear without any corresponding change in the crosssectional dimensions of the sample 12. Design, fabrication and manufacturing of 100 ton hydraulic. The thesis consist of a general introduction to equal channel angular pressing ecap, aluminium alloys and deformation. Equal channel angular pressing how is equal channel angular. Channel angular pressing ecap balasubramanian ravisankar national institute of technology, department of metallurgical and materials engineering, tiruchirappalli, 620 015, india. It has been shown that equal channel angular pressing is a very suitable method for produce materials with good mechanical properties.
Modifying equal channel angular pressing ecap for cual. Microstructural development in equalchannel angular pressing. In the present work, 3d finite element method was used to study the deformation behavior of. Biocomposites produced from hardwood particles by equal. The ecap is also known as the equal channel angular extrusion. Pdf equal channel angular pressing is one of the techniques in metal forming processes in which an ultralarge plastic strain is imposed on a bulk. Fang 6 were investigated tensile strength, elongation, static toughness and fracture modes of casting al0. Microstructure and mechanical properties a v podolskiy1, h p ng 2, i a psaruk 1, e d tabachnikova and r lapovok 1 b.
Equal channel angular pressing ecap is an emerging metal forming technique and a. Using equal channel angular eca pressing at room temperature, the grain sizes of six different commercial aluminumbased alloys 1100, 2024, 3004, 5083, 6061, and 7075 were reduced to within the submicrometer range. Oct 31, 20 equal channel angular pressing ecap of almgsic composite materials. Commercial al7075 alloy in the solid solution heattreated condition was processed by equal channel angular pressing through route bc at both the room temperature and 120c.
Mechanical properties and fracture characteristics of high carbon steel after equal channel angular pressing yi xionga,b,n, tiantian hec, zhiqiang guoa, hongyu hea, fengzhang rena,b, alex a. Horn design for ultrasonic vibrationaided equal channel. Equal channel angular pressing is one of the techniques in metal forming processes in which an ultralarge plastic strain is imposed on a bulk material in order to make ultrafine grained and. Equal channel angular pressing ecap was applied on a pure aluminum sample and the value of hardness was investigated. Ecap is very capable of producing ultrafine grained microstructures and improves the mechanical properties. The equal channel angular pressing was successfully applied to the aluminum billet using route a.
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