Equal channel angular pressing is one of the techniques in metal forming processes in which an ultralarge plastic strain is imposed on a bulk material in order to make ultrafine grained and. It is demonstrated that this processing procedure is capable of introducing an ultrafine. Effect of equal channel angular pressing combined with heat. Effect of equal channel angular pressing on the surface. The change in hardness of the alloy with ecap passes is almost consistent with the trend in strength, but the. Ecap equal channel angular pressing, one of the most promising method in spd, was used for the powder consolidation. Article equal channel angular pressing with rotating shear. The load increased with pressing, reached a maximum load, and then decreased with further sample deformation. Pdf microstructural evaluation and corrosion resistance of. Oct 23, 2019 two different processing routes are used to investigate the microstructure and strength of commercial purity cp titanium of grade 4 processed by equal. Equalchannel angular pressing of commercial aluminum. The ecap is also known as the equal channel angular extrusion. Finite element method is one of the important approaches to understand the deformation occurring in the ecap process. Keywords aluminum alloys, equalchannel angular pressing.
Equal channel angular pressing of a newly developed 425. Equal channel angular extrusion an overview sciencedirect topics. Equal channel angular pressing ecap technique being the most prominent of spd techniques has been widely used for producing ultrafinegrained ufg metals and alloys. Equalchannel angular pressing ecap is a convenient processing tool for introducing very significant grain refinement, typically to the submicrometer level, in a wide range of metals. Processing of metals by equalchannel angular pressing.
Finite element simulation of equal channel angular. This is accomplished by extruding the work piece around a corner. Change in the maximum stress with the number of rotarydie equal channel angular pressing passes is shown in fig. Equal channel angular pressing an overview sciencedirect topics. Deformation of high density polyethylene by dynamic equal channel angular pressing xiangji wu,a lin pu,b yunfei xu,a jinchun shi,a xiaoyi liu, a zhengye zhongb and shengnian luo ab the e. The thesis consist of a general introduction to equal channel angular pressing ecap, aluminium alloys and deformation. Equal channel angular pressing ecap of almgsic composite materials.
The fundamentals of this procedure, the details of the process and conditions of material flow during pressing can be found in many specialized papers, e. Microstructure evolution of aa7050 al alloy during equal. Langdon c, a faculty of engineering, department of materials science and engineering, kyushu university, fukuoka 8128581, japan b department of technology, fukuoka university of education, munakata, fukuoka 811. Biocomposites produced from hardwood particles by equal.
It has been shown that equal channel angular pressing is a very suitable method for produce materials with good mechanical properties. This experimental stud y involves subjecting the pure aluminium samples processed by powder metallurgy route to conventional hot extru sion at a temperature of 400c, followed by. Keywords aluminum alloys, equal channel angular pressing. Mechanical properties of copper processed by equal channel. Channel angular pressing ecap balasubramanian ravisankar national institute of technology, department of metallurgical and materials engineering, tiruchirappalli, 620 015, india. Typically, the process produces grains between 600 and 300 nm. Equal channel angular pressing at temperatures of 77575 k. Presleme islemi tobb etude bulunan makine muhendisligi malzeme laboatuvar. The second part of this work demonstrates that processing by ecap may be extended from conventional rod or bar samples to samples in the form of plates. It was observed that the hardness of pure aluminum have improved as a result of severe plastic deformation by ecap.
This procedure may be used to introduce an ultrafine grain size into polycrystalline materials. Microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of ti6al. Equal channel angular pressing ecap is a processing method in which a metal is subjected to an intense plastic straining through simple shear without any corresponding change in the crosssectional dimensions of the sample. Equal channel angular pressing ecap is one of the most employed methods of severe plastic deformation spd. Equalchannel angular pressing ecap is a processing method in which a metal is subjected to intense plastic straining through simple shear without any corresponding change in the crosssectional dimensions of the sample 12. Equal channel angular pressing ecap or equal channel angular extrusion ecae is one of the well approved technique that are used for the production of the polycrystalline materials with a grain diameter in the sub micrometre. Severe plastic deformation by equal channel angular pressing and. Process modelling of equal channel angular pressing for ultrafine. However, severe plastic deformation during ecap would cause considerable cracking when consolidation is carried out without a binder. Using equalchannel angular pressing for the production of. Design of hydraulic cylinder the shape of hydraulic cylinder is of tubeshaped in which piston slides due to the hydraulic fluid. Microstructures by optical microscopy after final annealing showing partially and fully recrystallised states in a conventional and b ecap processes.
Even with one ecap pass there was significant increase in both hardness and strength. As a technique, equal channel angular pressing ecap is simple and inexpensive. In the ecap process of not only solid but also powder metals, knowledge of the density as well as internal stress, strain and strain rate distribution is important for understanding the process. Volinskyd a school of materials science and engineering, henan university of science and technology, luoyang 471003, pr china b henan key laboratory of advanced nonferrous metals, luoyang 471003, pr china. Equalchannel angular pressing as a new processing to. The force applied by the press on the specimen is evaluated as. The deformation was carried out at the room temperature. Modeling of texture evolution in copper under equal channel. Equal channel angular pressing ecap is an emerging metal forming technique and a potential. Dec 28, 2015 equal channel angular pressing ecap 1. Equal channel angular pressing ecap is an effective process to produce materials with increased mechanical properties and no change of billet size. Commercial al7075 alloy in the solid solution heattreated condition was processed by equal channel angular pressing through route bc at both the room temperature and 120c.
Introduction it is well known that there is relationship between grain size and properties of the materials. Equal channel angular pressing of thinwalled copper tube. Equalchannel angular pressing ecap is a processing method in which a metal is subjected to an intense plastic straining through simple shear without any corresponding change in the crosssectional dimensions of the sample. Using equal channel angular eca pressing at room temperature, the grain sizes of six different commercial aluminumbased alloys 1100, 2024, 3004, 5083, 6061, and 7075 were reduced to within the submicrometer range. Process modelling of equal channel angular pressing for. Equal channel angular pressing as a new processing to control the microstructure and texture of metallic sheets 603. In the present work, 3d finite element method was used to study the deformation behavior of. Equalchannel angular pressing ecap is an effective tool for producing ultra fine grained materials. The new process was developed to produce hybrid materials with helical architecture of their constituents, which holds promise to enable enhanced mechanical properties. Microstructure evolution of aa7050 al alloy during equalchannel angular pressing the other hand, ecap at elevated temperature promotes the precipitation, changes the precipitation kinetics and changes the morphology of precipitates11,15,21. Equal channel angular pressing ecap is an effective tool to impose large plastic strains.
Equal channel angular pressing ecap was applied on a pure aluminum sample and the value of hardness was investigated. Material model plays very important role in modeling the process. The process of equal channel angular pressing ecap, known also as equal channel angular extrusion ecae, was first introduced by segal and his coworkers in the 1970s and 1980s at an institute in minsk in the former soviet union. It was found that the better grain size and orientation was obtained with the channel angle close to 90 degre yamashita et al 5 e. Equal channel angular pressing how is equal channel angular. Modifying equal channel angular pressing ecap for cualni.
Pdf on jan 1, 2017, s senthil murugan and others published equal channel angular pressing. Horn design for ultrasonic vibrationaided equal channel. Process modelling of equal channel angular pressing for ultra. Equal channel angular pressing an overview sciencedirect.
Pdf equal channel angular pressing of tubular samples. For example, a square cross section bar of metal is forced through a channel with a 90 degree angle. The present work compares two deformation techniques, rolling and equal channel angular pressing ecap, and the response offered by. Oct 31, 20 equal channel angular pressing ecap of almgsic composite materials. The maximu m load was lower at higher temperatures. Grains and sub grains can be clearly seen oriented and elongated along the shear plane. The particle sizes obtained from the quantitative analysis of composites are approximately 3 m, assuming the median of the distribution, or 4 m if mean value is. In this study, the processing conditions were investigated for ecap of hardwood particles into bulk biocomposites without any additives. Abstract texture evolution was analyzed with the fullconstraint taylor model for an idealized perfectly plastic facecentered cubic material as well as for real, strainhardening copper subjected to equal channel angular pressing ecap.
The microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of ti6al4v alloy during ecap process were discussed in this study. Pdf finite element simulation of cross equal channel. Equal channel angular pressing at temperatures of 77575 k of titanium grade 2. Introduction recently, the importance of severe plastic deformation and equal channel angular pressing ecap has been increasingly recognized due to the unique physical and mechanical properties inherent in various ultrafine grained materials 14. Pdf equal channel angular pressing is one of the techniques in metal forming processes in which an ultralarge plastic strain is imposed on a bulk. These grains were reasonably stable up to annealing temperatures of. Effect of equal channel angular pressing ecap on hardness. It was found that the most favorable stressedandstrained state was formed in the instrument where the angle of channel joints was equal to 5 degrees. Senthil murugan assistant professor department of mechanical engineering mepco schlenk engineering college, india abstract. Since highpressure torsion and equalchannel angular pressing were first used to produce ufg metals and alloys,9,10 processing regimes and routes have been. Hosford3 1air force research laboratorymunitions directorate, 101 w. First, it can be applied to fairly large billets so that there is the potential for producing materials that may be used in a wide range of structural applications. Principles of equalchannel angular pressing as a processing.
Equal channel angular pressing of a newly developed precipitation hardenable scandium containing aluminum alloy jahanzaib malik, wahaz nasim, bilal mansoor, ibrahim karaman, dinc erdeniz, david c. In the combined temperature ct route, the specimens are pressed at 723 k in the first pass and at 373 k in the second pass, but in the warm temperature wt. Multipass ecap was applied to prepare ultrafinegrained ti6al4v alloy. Severe plastic deformation by equal channel angular pressing. Abstractthe effect of aging treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of equal channel angular pressed al7075 alloy was examined. Equal channel angular pressing of a newly developed. Equal channel angular pressing, cualni shape memory alloys, fem analysis i. Langdon c, a faculty of engineering, department of materials science and engineering, kyushu university, fukuoka 8128581, japan. Equal channel angular pressing ecap is a convenient processing tool for introducing very significant grain refinement, typically to the submicrometer level, in a wide range of metals. Ecap is very capable of producing ultrafine grained microstructures and improves the mechanical properties. Equal channel angular pressing ecap has been shown to be a promising method for producing biocomposites from wood particles. Of these various procedures, equalchannel angular pressing is an especially attractive processing technique for several reasons.
The equal channel angular pressing was successfully applied to the aluminum billet using route a. Pdf equal channel angular pressing technique for the formation of. Equal channel angular extrusion ecae is one technique from the severe plastic deformation spd group, aimed at producing ultra fine grained ufg material. Dyadichev abstract the structure, physical and mechanical properties of samples produced from pure and titanium alloyed copper powder using equal channel angular pressing with complex deformation route have been investigated. Pdf circumferential twisting during route b equalchannel. Plastic deformation through equal channel angular pressing iaeng.
Mechanical properties of bulk nanocrystalline austenitic. The equal channel angular pressing method is at present one of the most promising and commonly used of all severe plastic deformation processes. Equal channel angular pressing equal channel angular pressing is the most popular spd technique. The model employed to simulate the pressing for two consecutive passes. Pdf equalchannel angular pressing of thinwalled copper. Equal channel angular pressing of metallic powders for.
Effect of equal channel angular pressing combined with. Fang 6 were investigated tensile strength, elongation, static toughness and fracture modes of casting al0. Design, fabrication and manufacturing of 100 ton hydraulic. The simulation process was done for al 5083 alloy using deform 3d software at two different channel angles 90 0 and 120 0 and with two distinct routes a and c. Microstructural development in equalchannel angular pressing. Ecae produces significant deformation strain without reducing the cross sectional area. Microstructure and mechanical properties a v podolskiy1, h p ng 2, i a psaruk 1, e d tabachnikova and r lapovok 1 b. Equal channel angular pressing ecap is a processing method in which a metal is subjected to intense plastic straining through simple shear without any corresponding change in the crosssectional dimensions of the sample 12. Equal channel angular pressing ecap is a metal forming technique used to produce ultrafine grain microstructure through severe plastic deformation.
The device with the 90, 120 and 5 degree angled joint channels was used for the study. Microstructural development in equalchannel angular. The thesis consist of a general introduction to equal channel angular pressing ecap, aluminium alloys and deformation mechanisms, followed by a detailed strain analysis of ecaped materials, mechanical properties and finally a study of the microstructural and textural development resulting from equal channel angular pressing. How to convert pdf to word without software duration. Deformation of high density polyethylene by dynamic equal. A number of designs templates to implement equal channel angular pressing are developed. Modeling of texture evolution in copper under equal. Modifying equal channel angular pressing ecap for cual. Pdf equal channel angular pressing technique for the. Mechanical properties and fracture characteristics of high carbon steel after equal channel angular pressing yi xionga,b,n, tiantian hec, zhiqiang guoa, hongyu hea, fengzhang rena,b, alex a. The deformation is mainly carried out by simple shear while the crosssection is maintained. Effect of equal channel angular pressing ecap on microstructure and properties of alfealcr intermetallic phase composites sizes between the as extruded and ecap conditions. This is a very attractive feature for industrial superplastic forming applications.
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